自中世纪以来，圣玛丽教堂一直被认为是德国北部新勃兰登堡市最大和最重要的历史建筑，该教堂始建于1298年，是一座由红砖砌成的哥特式风格建筑。

 

该教堂于17和18世纪曾遭受过严重的损毁，后由卡尔·弗里德里希·辛克尔（Karl Friedrich von Schinkel）的学生，弗里德里希·威廉.巴特尔（Friedrich Wilhelm Buttel）在1832年至1841年间进行修复和重建。但在第二次世界大战后一段日子里,，该教堂又遭受火灾的严重破坏。

 

20世纪80、90年代，新勃兰登堡市决定将这座毁坏的教堂变成一个音乐厅，重新对其进行恢复和改造。考虑到不能破坏旧墙体，且要尽量保留历史建筑的原有风貌，还要尽可能减少过多的元素添加，建筑师巧妙运用钢结构将教堂屋顶的全部承重转嫁到外墙上，移除柱子释放出内部空间。所有的改造是基于PES建筑设计事务所在1996年受邀参加的欧洲建筑竞赛的获奖方案而实施的。

 

教堂的长形大厅被防火和声学玻璃墙分为两个部分，创造出一个门厅和一个鞋盒型音乐厅。建筑多余的声学宽度通过安置在外墙顶部和下部的声学反射板的来调整。大厅内的悬挂式声学玻璃金字塔和舞台前可以升降的玻璃声学反射板也是经过声学计算、运用不同样式的玻璃制成的。

 

通过在新的大厅和外墙间加入一个三米宽的过道，解决了门厅空间有限的问题，幕间休息时还可以门厅的一部分供观众使用。这个“房中房”的解决方案使得兼具历史和建筑价值的外墙仍能被完全看得到，而且新的结构又几乎完全与墙体分离开。同时，利用最简单的材料——玻璃与混凝土，在主要空间之外的隐藏之处利用各种建筑声学技术来达到声学演绎上的高标准追求，使得这座音乐厅呈现出声学和视觉的双重叠加效果。

 

由于不允许对受保护的建筑物进行外部改建，因此与演职人员相关的配套空间均位于地下室，地下出口通向教堂建筑外部。

 

在主体建筑施工阶段，建筑师为音乐厅设计了管风琴，并且在合唱团台下方为其建造了一个技术操作空间。但是初期的预算不足，直到2015年，管风琴项目才得以启动，这要归功于当地的赞助商。 作为音乐厅的原始设计师，佩卡·萨米宁（Pekka Salminen）也是新管风琴设计的首席设计师，与约翰内斯·克莱斯·奥尔格博（Johannes Klais Orgelbau）和卡尔·舒克·奥尔格博沃克施塔特（Karl Schuke Orgelbauwerkstatt）两位声学顾问一起工作。 新的管风琴由70多根乐管组成，重达21吨，于2017年7月投入使用。其巨大的底座是梣木，风琴管的材料为锡和不锈钢。它有着闪亮的金属表皮和温暖厚实的基座，与音乐厅现代的声学天花板和古典的砖石外墙交相呼应。

 

主看台、交响乐团后面的管风琴看台以及走廊根据需要可以最多容纳1100名观众。出于经济的考虑，这个大型音乐厅还可以作为剧院等多功能用途被使用。

在这个跨国项目的实施过程中，PES团队需要统筹建筑、室内、标识系统、声学、结构、供热通风与空气调节（HVAC）和建造等方方面面，团队中包含了20多位来自芬兰和德国的顾问专家，他们一起共同为这座古老建筑赋予了新的生命光彩。

 

项目信息

项目名称：德国圣玛丽音乐厅

项目时间/方案时间： 1996年-2001年； 2017年增加管风琴

项目状态：已建成

项目面积：6,500平米（853-1,100个座位）; 声学容量：42,220立方米

项目类型：历史建筑改造&音乐厅

项目客户：新勃兰登堡市政府、新勃兰登堡城市发展协会有限公司

合作伙伴：

施工管理：Bauleitung Felix Thoma and Bauleitung Ingolf Noack

声学：Akukon Oy

结构规划：Matti Ollila & .Co 工程公司

玻璃施工规划：Ingenieurbüro Krone

管风琴设计及施工：Pekka Salminen/Ingolf Noack, Johannes Klais Orgelbau and Karl Schuke Orgelbauwerkstatt

项目地点：德国新勃兰登堡

设计团队： Pekka Salminen (首席设计师), Heikki Viherkoski (项目经理), Tuomas Silvennoinen (项目经理), Jarkko Salminen (施工经理) , Kyösti Meinilä，Pekka Komulainen, Anu Leinonen, Kai Lindvall, Jyrki Nieminen，Yrjö Kukkapuro（演艺厅座椅）

 

项目奖项：

2003年，密斯·凡·德·罗奖提名（佩卡·萨米宁）

2003年，德国混凝土奖

2003年，德国建筑奖

2002年，德国梅克伦堡-前波莫瑞州建筑奖

2002年，德国巴尔塔萨-诺伊曼奖

2001年，芬兰混凝土奖

 

 

Marienkirche Concert Hall

 

Marienkirche Church has been regarded as the largest and most important historical building in the town of Neubrandenburg since the Middle Ages, it is a hall church built in the North German Brick Gothic style and consecrated in 1298.

 

The church was badly damaged in the 17th and 18th centuries and repaired and rebuilt by Friedrich Wilhelm Buttel, a student of Karl Friedrich von Schinkel, during 1832-41. In the last days of the Second World War, the Marienkirche was again badly damaged by fire.

 

In the 1980s–1990s, the town of Neubrandenburg decided to renovate the ruined church and convert it into a concert hall. Since the old walls were protected, the architects needed to preserve the original appearance of the historic building and minimize the additional elements. The full load of the roof was transferred to the exterior walls using steel frames, freeing up the internal space from columns. The implemented plan was based on PES-Architects’ winning proposal in the invited European architectural competition arranged in 1996.

 

The long church hall is divided into two parts by a fire-resistant and acoustic glazed wall, creating a foyer and a shoebox-shaped concert hall. The excess width of the auditorium was reduced by placing acoustic glass reflectors at the top and lower parts of the exterior walls. The acoustic suspended glass ceiling in the hall is made of glass pyramids in varying forms according to acoustic calculations.

 

A three-meter-wide aisle runs between the new hall and the exterior walls, serving as an extension of the compact foyer during intervals. The "house within a house" solution allows the historically and architecturally valuable exterior walls to remain fully visible, with the new structures almost completely detached from them. The simplest of materials, glass and concrete, together with a variety of architectural acoustic technologies, achieve a high standard of acoustic interpretation outside the main space.

 

As no external alterations were allowed to the protected building, the auxiliary spaces for the musicians were situated in the basement, with underground exits leading to outside the church building.

 

An organ was designed for the concert hall during the main construction phase and a technical space was built for it under the choir balcony, but the original budget did not allow for its purchase. It was not until 2015 that the organ project could start, thanks to a local sponsor. As the original designer of the concert church, Pekka Salminen was also the chief architect of the new organ design, working together with Johannes Klais Orgelbau and Karl Schuke Orgelbauwerkstatt. The new 70-register organ, weighing 21 tonnes, was inaugurated in July 2017. Its massive lower base is of ash and the organ pipe facade is of tin and stainless steel. The shiny metallic skin and warm, thick base of the organ echo the concert hall's modern acoustic ceilings and classical masonry facades.

 

The stalls, the organ loft behind the orchestra and the gallery can seat up to 1100 spectators, depending on the setup. In considering of economy, the space allows for sufficiently versatile uses, including theater.

 

In this project, PES-Architects' team was responsible for coordinating architecture, interior, signage, acoustics, structure, heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) as well as construction. The team included more than 20 top consultants from Finland and Germany to give new life to the historic building.

 

Project Information:

 

Project Name: Marienkirche Concert Hall

Project Time：1996 – 2001; Organ design: 2017

Project Status: Completed

Project Size: Gross area: 6,500 m², Volume: 42,220 m³

Project Type: Historic Building Renovation & Concert Hall

Project Client: City of Neubrandenburg / Stadtentwicklungsgesellschaft Neubrandenburg mbH

Project Partner:

Construction mangement: Bauleitung Felix Thoma and Bauleitung Ingolf Noack

Acoustics: Akukon Oy

Main structural planning: Engineering office Matti Ollila & .Co

Glass construction planning: Ingenieurbüro Krone

Organ design and construction: Pekka Salminen/Ingolf Noack, Johannes Klais Orgelbau and Karl Schuke Orgelbauwerkstatt

Project Location: Neubrandenburg, Germany

Designer Team: Pekka Salminen (chief designer), Heikki Viherkoski (project architect), Tuomas Silvennoinen (project manager), Jarkko Salminen (construction manager), Kyösti Meinilä, Pekka Komulainen, Anu Leinonen, Kai Lindvall, Jyrki Nieminen
Concert hall seats: Yrjö Kukkapuro

 

Project Awards:

2003  European Union Prize for Contemporary Architecture – Mies van der Rohe Award nomination (Pekka Salminen)

2003  German Concrete Architecture Prize

2003  German Architecture Prize

2002  Architecture Prize of the state of the Mecklenburg-Vorpommern of Germany

2002  Germany Balthasar-Neumann Prize

2001  Finnish Concrete Architecture Prize